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Table 3 The heterogeneous association between education and safe food handling (agricultural household as a proxy)

From: The heterogeneous association between education and the adoption of safe food handling practices in Ethiopia

 

Wash hands

Wash Surface

Boil/Filter Water

Separate Utensils

Agriculture*

Primary Education

3.11

[1.54, 6.29] **

2.15

[1.04, 4.45] **

1.64

[0.86, 3.10]

1.08

[0.51, 2.31]

Agriculture*

Secondary Education

8.67

[2.69, 28.00] **

8.06

[2.21, 29.43] **

2.35

[1.09, 5.04] *

2.23

[1.00, 5.00] *

Primary Education

0.45

[0.28, 0.73] **

0.62

[0.38, 1.01]

0.63

[0.39, 1.02]

0.93

[0.60, 1.43]

Secondary Education

0.57

[0.36, 0.92] *

0.58

[0.36, 0.93] *

0.57

[0.35, 0.91] *

1.19

[0.78, 1.82]

Household Type

    

Agriculture

0.80

[0.49, 1.30]

0.90

[0.55, 1.49]

1.22

[0.78, 1.90]

0.36

[0.22, 0.58] **

Improved Water

    

Yes

1.04

[0.80, 1.35]

1.14

[0.87, 1.50]

1.05

[0.80, 1.37]

1.18

[0.90, 1.56]

Children

    

Yes

0.84

[0.62, 1.15]

1.02

[0.75, 1.39]

1.32

[0.91, 1.89]

0.69

[0.51, 0.93] *

Marital Status

    

Married

1.37

[1.06, 1.78] *

1.45

[1.11, 1.89] **

1.20

[0.89, 1.62]

0.81

[0.62, 1.05]

Sex

    

Female

1.28

[0.74, 2.21]

1.56

[0.91, 2.67]

3.67

[1.31, 10.32] *

1.05

[0.61, 1.82]

Household Income

    

 < 2,000

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

2,000–4,000

0.90

[0.65, 1.25]

1.28

[0.90, 1.82]

0.96

[0.70, 1.32]

1.80

[1.29, 2.50] **

4,000–6,000

0.32

[0.22, 0.45] **

0.51

[0.36, 0.73] **

1.23

[0.85, 1.80]

2.12

[1.46, 3.05] **

6,000–8,000

0.18

[0.11, 0.27] **

0.41

[0.27, 0.64] **

0.75

[0.42, 1.33]

2.30

[1.47, 3.58] **

8,000–10,000

0.18

[0.11, 0.29] **

0.23

[0.14, 0.39] **

1.32

[0.73, 2.39]

2.95

[1.78, 4.88] **

 > 10,000

0.33

[0.20, 0.52] **

0.41

[0.26, 0.66] **

1.43

[0.82, 2.51]

1.83

[1.12, 2.99] *

Age [Years]

    

15–19

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

20–29

1.20

[0.69, 2.07]

1.25

[0.72, 2.18]

0.77

[0.45, 1.34]

1.36

[0.74, 2.48]

30–39

1.47

[0.83, 2.60]

1.19

[0.67, 2.13]

0.64

[0.36, 1.14]

1.89

[1.02, 3.51] *

49–49

1.08

[0.59, 1.97]

1.00

[0.54, 1.85]

0.71

[0.39, 1.32]

1.69

[0.88, 3.26]

 > 50

0.78

[0.43, 1.41]

0.96

[0.53, 1.77]

0.79

[0.43, 1.45]

2.08

[1.09, 3.95] *

Baseline Odds

3.90

[1.63, 9.31] **

2.24

[0.94, 5.35]

0.08

[0.02, 0.26] **

0.21

[0.09, 0.51] **

  1. Odds ratios are presented, with 95% confidence interval shown in parentheses
  2. ** p-value < 0.01
  3. *p-value < 0.05
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Health Economics Review

ISSN: 2191-1991

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