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Table 4 Cardiovascular disease mortality (deaths per 100,000-crude rates), panel-corrected standard error (PCSE), considering gender differences, 2002–2019

From: What does it drive the relationship between cardiovascular disease mortality and economic development? New evidence from Spain

Variable

Log CVDM_total

Log CVDM_females

Log CVDM_males

Ln GDPpc

-0.522

***

-0.558

***

-0.482

***

(0.029)

 

(0.029)

 

(0.030)

 

Ln Pm2.5

0.184

***

0.239

***

0.122

***

(0.046)

 

(0.052)

 

(0.041)

 

Ln EPU

0.029

 

0.051

 

0.004

 

(0.049)

 

(0.050)

 

(0.049)

 

Mediterranean

-0.299

***

-0.330

***

-0.261

***

(0.014)

 

(0.015)

 

(0.014)

 

Constant

10.319

***

10.519

***

10.110

***

(0.313)

 

(0.327)

 

(0.313)

 

R-squared

0.454

0.497

0.384

Wald chi2

985.45

968.42

878.70

Prob > chi2

0.000

0.000

0.000

  1. Notes: Standard errors are reported in parenthesis. ***, **, and * denote significant at 1%, 5%, and 10%. Observations: 220