Table 1 Description of variables and sources
Category | Variable | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | Cardiovascular disease mortality rate (CVDM) | Deaths by cardiovascular diseases per 100 000 population (crude rates) | Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) and authors’ elaboration. |
Socioeconomic explanatory variable | GDP per capita (GDPpc) | Annual Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, measured in current euros | Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE). |
Environmental explanatory variable | PM2.5 | Population-weighted average of annual average PM2.5 concentration (μg/m3) | Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE). |
Political explanatory variable | EPU | Economic Policy Uncertainty Index for Spain | Andres-Escayola et al. [12] |
Regional explanatory variable | Mediterranean | 1 if the region is located on the “Mediterranean area” of Spain, 0 otherwise | Authors’ elaboration. |