Table 6 Estimation results with two-stage least square and two-system GMM

Columns

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Children fully vaccinated_t-1

-0.071

0.068***

0.067***

0.019*

-0.069***

-0.055***

(0.052)

(0.012)

(0.009)

(0.011)

(0.008)

(0.008)

GEOSS_t

0.043*

(0.025)

GEOSS_t-1

0.002***

0.013***

0.011***

0.008***

0.008***

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.001)

Population on logarithm

0.006

-0.016***

-0.036***

-0.078***

-0.083***

(0.032)

(0.001)

(0.002)

(0.007)

(0.009)

Literacy

-0.000

0.004***

0.006***

0.007***

(0.002)

(0.000)

(0.001)

(0.001)

Private sector labor share

0.001

-0.001

(0.001)

(0.001)

GRDP per capita on logarithm

-0.003

0.083***

0.086***

(0.029)

(0.014)

(0.016)

Time Fes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Province Fes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Observations

378

378

378

378

378

378

R-squared

0.071

Number of provinces/cities

63

63

63

63

63

63

External instruments

Balance tax sources from the central government and targeted tax revenues

Internal instruments

No

1-year lagged

1-year lagged

1-year lagged

1-year lagged

1-year lagged

Underidentification test (Anderson LM statistic) (p-value)

0.0016

Weak identification test (Cragg-Donald Wald F statistic)

9.977^a

Arellano-Bond test for AR(1)

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

0.001

Arellano-Bond test for AR(2)

0.541

0.658

0.706

0.622

0.587

Hansen test of overid. Restrictions (p-value)

0.209

0.158

0.310

0.421

0.363

Difference-in-Hansen tests of exogeneity

0.212

0.191

0.320

0.453

0.450