Table 12 Different historical events and current corruption behaviour in the public health system, ordered probit regressions, robustness checks (from 75 in 75 km of the former imperial border), decreasing sample of Romanian counties

Individual-level controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Geographic controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Macroeconomic controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

County-fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Father_member_PCR

0.1133

0.1403

0.1237

-0.0296

0.0758

0.1254

0.0949

(0.1203)

(0.1277)

(0.1318)

(0.1575)

(0.1795)

(0.2038)

(0.2318)

Mother_member_PCR

-0.0374

0.1030

0.1068

0.2666

-0.0123

-0.2372

-0.2387

(0.1589)

(0.1721)

(0.1751)

(0.1991)

(0.2065)

(0.2319)

(0.2578)

Other_family_members_PCR

0.3524**

0.4670***

0.4490***

0.6204****

0.3136

0.0169

0.0256

(0.1385)

(0.1543)

(0.1558)

(0.1723)

(0.2118)

(0.2701)

(0.2965)

1.fHabsb_Empire_In

#1.Distance_border_categ2

-0.0190

-0.2649

0.1764

0.4087

0.2221

2.4129**

2.9349****

(0.2875)

(0.2935)

(0.3348)

(0.4305)

(0.5803)

(1.0884)

(0.7472)

1.fHabsb_Empire_In

#2.Distance_border_categ2

-0.7513***

-1.3010****

-0.9166***

-0.8336**

-0.7628*

-0.0366

0.0000

(0.2408)

(0.2621)

(0.3033)

(0.3818)

(0.4457)

(0.7373)

(.)

N

1295

1201

1107

932

732

503

351

chi2

217.39

233.34

235.97

217.61

211.77

222.60

234.60

p

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

0.0000

R2

0.0521

0.0578

0.0618

0.0656

0.0873

0.1383

0.1686

AIC

3849.79

3525.82

3225.99

2676.49

2068.25

1379.06

963.07

BIC

4030.61

3704.01

3401.32

2845.80

2229.10

1522.56

1090.47