Table 5 CHEERS 2022 reporting criteria of the included studies

Item 1.Title: Identify the study as an economic evaluation and specify the interventions compared.

Y

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

Y

P

P

Y

Item 2. Abstract: Provide a structured summary that highlights context, key methods, results and alternative analyses.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 3.Background and objectives: Give the context for the study, the study question and its practical relevance for decision-making in policy or practice.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 4.Health economic analysis plan: Indicate whether a health economic analysis plan was developed and where available.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 5.Study population: Describe characteristics of the study population (such as age range, demographics, socioeconomic, or clinical characteristics). Explanation.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 6.Setting and location: Provide relevant contextual information that may influence findings.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 8.Study perspectives: State the perspectives adopted by the study and why they were chosen.

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Item 9.Time horizon: State the time horizon for the study and why appropriate.

P

P

N

P

Y

N

P

Y

P

N

Y

P

Item 10.Discount rate: Report the discount rate and reason chosen.

N

N

N

N

N

N

Y

N

N

N

Y

N

Item 14.Measurement and valuation of resources and costs: Describe how costs were valued.

Y

Y

P

Y

P

P

Y

Y

P

P

Y

P

Item 15.Currency, price date, and conversion: Report the dates of the estimated resource quantities and unit costs, plus the currency and year of conversion.

Y

P

P

Y

P

P

P

Y

Y

P

Y

Y

Item 18.Characterising heterogeneity: Describe any methods for estimating how the study results vary for subgroups.

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

Y

N

N

N

Item 20.Characterising uncertainty: Describe methods to characterise any sources of uncertainty in the analysis.

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

Y

N

N

Y

N

Item 21.Approach to engagement with patients and others affected by the study: Describe any approaches to engage patients or service recipients, the general public, communities, or stakeholders (e.g., clinicians or payers) in the study’s design.

N

N

N

Y

Y

N

N

N

N

Y

N

N

Item 22.Study parameters: Report all analytic inputs (e.g., values, ranges, references), including uncertainty or distributional assumptions).

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

P

P

P

Y

P

Item 23.Summary of main results: Report the mean values for the main categories of costs and outcomes of interest and summarise them in the most appropriate overall measure.

N

N

N

Y

Y

P

Y

Y

Y

P

Y

P

Item 24.Effect of uncertainty: Describe how uncertainty about analytic judgments, inputs, or projections affects findings. Report the effect of the choice of discount rate and time horizon, if applicable.

N

P

N

P

P

P

Y

Y

N

N

Y

N

Item 25.Effect of engagement with patients and others affected by the study: Report on any difference patient/ service recipient, general public, community, or stakeholder involvement made to the approach or findings of the study.

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

N

P

P

N

Item 26.Study findings, limitations, generalisability, and current knowledge: Report key findings, limitations, ethical or equity considerations not captured, and how these could affect patients, policy or practice.

P

Y

P

Y

P

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

P

P

Item 27.Source of funding: Describe how the study was funded and any role of the funder in the identification, design, conduct and reporting of the analysis.

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

N

Y

Y

N

Y

N

Item 28.Conflicts of interest: Report the author’s conflicts of interest according to journal or International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) requirements.

N

Y

Y

N

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y