Table 3 Sensitivity analyses performed in economic evaluations of the first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
First author, year (country) | Sensitivity analyses | Important drivers | Type of scenario analysis | Outcomes of scenario analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
Zhao, M, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | HR for OS | HR for PFS | Cost of drug | Patients receive active treatment until death. | Not cost-effective |
Zhou, T, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | HR for OS | Cost of drug | Cost of subsequent treatment | A reduced dose of bevacizumab and its biosimilar is administered due to treatment intolerance. | 1* GDP: Cost-effective; 3* GDP: Cost-effective |
Su, D, 2021 (US) | 1-way SA, PSA | HR for OS | Cost of drug | Body weight | / | / |
Zhang, X, 2021 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | HR for OS | Body weight | HR for PFS | / | / |
Gaugain, L., 2023 (France) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | Discount rate for benefits | Discount rate for costs | Percentage of patients receiving subsequent treatment | Integration of survival using additional ATHENOR data. | Cost-effective |
Chiang, C. L, 2021 (China, Hongkong) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | HR for OS | Body weight | Cost of drug | In the pessimistic scenario, the survival estimates of the US population with advanced HCC from the SEER database. In the optimistic scenario, all patients “alive” at 17 months were “cured,” with their risk of death equal to their age-adjusted background mortality rate. | Pessimistic scenario: Not cost-effective; Optimistic scenario: Cost-effective |
Sun, K. X, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | Discount rate | Cost of drug | Utility of PFS | Drug donation programs in Chinese low-income patients. | Not cost-effective |
Li, L, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | HR for OS | Utility of PD | Cost of drug | Patient assistance program | Sintilimab - IBI305: Cost-effective; Atezolizumab - Bevacizumab: Not cost-effective |
Li, Y, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | Cost of drug | Utility of PD | Utility of PFS | / | / |
Li, Y, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | HR for PFS | Cost of drug | Body weight | / | / |
Wen, F, 2021 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | Cost of drug | Utility of PD | Utility of PFS | The price of atezolizumab was 30% of the primary price. | Cost-effective |
Zhou, T, 2022 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | Cost of subsequent treatment | Cost of drug | Utility of PFS | A reduced dose of bevacizumab and its biosimilar is administered due to treatment intolerance. | Cost-effective |
Liu, K. 2023 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | HR for OS | Cost of drug | HR for PFS | / | / |
Zheng, Z, 2024 (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | Cost of subsequent treatment | Cost of drug | Utility of PD | / | / |
Sriphoosanaphan, 2024, (Thailand) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | HR for OS | HR for PFS | Cost of drug | The WTP threshold raises to $60,819 per QALY gained. | Cost-effective |
Lang W, 2024, (China) | 1-way SA, PSA, scenario analysis | Cost of drug | Percentage of subsequent treatment | Utility of PFS | Patients with albumin-bilirubin grade 1, and grade 2 | ALBI grade 1: The ICER was close to the WTP threshold; ALBI grade 2: Cost-effective |
Gong H, 2023, (China) | 1-way SA, PSA | Drug reimbursement ratio | Cost of drug | Utility of PFS | / | / |