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Table 3 Healthcare utilization and NHIS renewals

From: Utilization of healthcare services and renewal of health insurance membership: evidence of adverse selection in Ghana

 

NHIS renewal status

 

2009 (N = 943350)

2010 (N = 1059921)

2011 (N = 1411972)

2012 (1767073)

2013 (N = 2081945)

Previous Years Utilization

Dropout (%)

Renew (%)

P-Val.

Dropout (%)

Renew (%)

P-Val.

Dropout (%)

Renew (%)

P-Val.

Dropout (%)

Renew (%)

P-Val.

Dropout (%)

Renew (%)

P-Val.

Utilization

Utilized Service

57.20

42.80

***

39.89

60.11

***

43.34

56.66

***

42.59

57.41

***

49.29

50.71

***

Did Not Utilize

82.13

17.87

 

64.71

35.29

 

55.23

44.77

 

54.05

45.95

 

57.43

42.57

 

Total

81.91

18.09

 

63.58

36.42

 

54.32

45.68

 

53.73

46.27

 

57.40

42.60

 

Frequency

No Visit

82.13

17.87

***

64.71

35.29

***

55.23

44.77

***

54.05

45.95

***

57.43

42.57

***

one visit

57.35

42.65

 

40.99

59.01

 

43.88

56.12

 

42.80

57.20

 

48.27

51.73

 

two visits

55.75

44.25

 

37.56

62.44

 

42.77

57.23

 

43.70

56.30

 

53.64

46.36

 

three visits

60.00

40.30

 

33.62

66.38

 

42.19

57.81

 

41.99

58.01

 

59.77

40.23

 

four visits

37.50

62.50

 

25.92

74.08

 

40.29

59.71

 

39.91

60.09

 

65.63

34.38

 

five visits

55.56

44.44

 

27.23

72.77

 

40.93

59.07

 

37.02

62.98

 

66.67

33.33

 

> five visits

100.00

0.00

 

22.86

77.14

 

38.55

61.45

 

34.09

65.91

 

100.00

0.00

 
  1. Source: NHIA Enrolment Data from 2008 – 2013; NHIA Utilization Data from 2008 – 2012; Note: Absolute figures in parenthesis; *** p < 0.001